Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG or off-pump CABG) is a technique used in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. During this procedure, the surgeon performs the bypass grafting on a beating heart without using a heart-lung machine.

Here are some key points about off-pump CABG:

Benefits:

1.⁠ ⁠Reduced risk of neurological complications
2.⁠ ⁠Lower risk of kidney damage
3.⁠ ⁠Less blood loss and transfusion requirements
4.⁠ ⁠Shorter recovery time
5.⁠ ⁠Reduced risk of infection

On-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a traditional technique used in CABG surgery, where the heart-lung machine (cardiopulmonary bypass) temporarily takes over heart and lung functions.

Benefits:

1.⁠ ⁠Allows for a still and bloodless field, making surgery easier
2.⁠ ⁠Enables complex procedures and multiple bypasses
3.⁠ ⁠Provides better myocardial protection
4.⁠ ⁠Facilitates surgical precision

Indications:

1.⁠ ⁠Complex coronary artery disease
2.⁠ ⁠Multiple vessel disease
4.⁠ ⁠Previous cardiac surgery
5.⁠ ⁠Severe heart failure

Technique:

1.⁠ ⁠Anesthesia and monitoring
2.⁠ ⁠Incision and cannulation (insertion of tubes) for cardiopulmonary bypass
3.⁠ ⁠Cooling the body to reduce metabolic rate
4.⁠ ⁠Cross-clamping the aorta and initiating cardiopulmonary bypass
5.⁠ ⁠Bypass grafting on the arrested heart
6.⁠ ⁠Anastomosis (connection) of grafts to coronary arteries
7.⁠ ⁠Weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass

Risks and complications:

1.⁠ ⁠Neurological damage (stroke, cognitive decline)
2.⁠ ⁠Kidney damage or failure
3.⁠ ⁠Bleeding and transfusion requirements
4.⁠ ⁠Infection (mediastinitis, endocarditis)
5.⁠ ⁠Cardiac arrhythmias

Recovery:

1.⁠ ⁠ICU stay (1-2 days)
2.⁠ ⁠Hospital stay (5-7 days)
3.⁠ ⁠Pain management and monitoring
4.⁠ ⁠Gradual return to normal activities

Comparison with off-pump CABG:

On-pump CABG is generally considered more suitable for complex cases, while off-pump CABG may be preferred for simpler cases or high-risk patients.

For post angioplasty/CABG patients

Foods Prefereed

1. Fresh Vegetables:
– Leafy greens like *palong shaak* (spinach), *pui shaak, and **laal shaak*.
– Other vegetables like *jhinge* (ridge gourd), *lau* (bottle gourd), *patol* (pointed gourd), and *begun* (brinjal).

2. Fruits:
– Eat fruits like *komola lebu* (orange), *kola* (banana), *apple, and **pepe* (papaya).
– *Aamra* (hog plum) and *jaam* (black plum) are also good.

3. Whole Grains:
– Opt for *brown rice* or *aatta roti* (whole wheat roti) instead of regular white rice or maida.
– Include *oats* and *daliya* (broken wheat) in your diet.

4. Lean Protein:
– Eat *ilish maachh* (hilsa), *rui maachh* (rohu), and *murgir mangsho* (chicken without skin).
– *Moog dal, **cholar dal*, and other pulses are great for plant-based protein.

5. Healthy Fats:
– Use *mustard oil* or *olive oil* in cooking.
– Eat *badam* (nuts like almonds) and *akher tel* (flaxseed oil) for good fats.

Foods to Avoid:

1. Processed Meats:
– Avoid *chicken sausage, **ham*, and other preserved meats.

2. Fried Foods:
– Limit *tele bhaja* (fried snacks like singara, chop) and *fried fish*.

3. Sugary Foods:
– Reduce sweets like *roshogolla, **chomchom*, and soft drinks.

4. Trans Fats:
– Avoid bakery items like *patisapta, **cake, and **cream biscuits*.

5. Salty Foods:
– Avoid too much *achaar* (pickle), salty snacks like *chanachur*, and processed foods.